Anthropic Principle
We may occupy a preferred place or preferred
time in the Universe (we may also occupy a preferred universe)
There are several vexing facts about the Universe:
It appears as though we live in a special universe. Some quantities
seem to be highly improbable values, for example, the flatness of the
Universe is disturbing. Several questions are:
- Are these special values simply the way our Universe is (that is, is it
a coincidence that our Universe has these properties)?
- Is there a deeper level to the physical nature of the Universe which
we do not understand (which makes our type of Universe the most probable
type of Universe)?
- .....
These questions are interesting in the sense that if we can understand
the origins of the above problems, this would imply that we understand how
the Universe was constructed (in the beginning) which would be
intellectually satisfying and would also offer, the
admittedly rather far-fetched notion, that we could engineer the
space-time structure of the Universe.
Anthropic Principle
Note that if some of
the finely-balanced quantities were not finely-tuned then
our Universe would have grossly different properties. The properties would
in fact be so different that it is highly likely that life (as we know it)
would not develop and be around to ask the question of why the Universe is
special. That is, selection effects would say that it is only in universes
where the conditions are right for life (thus pre-selecting certain
universe) is it possible for the questions of specialness to be posed.
This statement and variants of this statement are the gist of the
Anthropic Principle. Note that the Anthropic Principle
is probably true and says that there is nothing mysterious about why our
Universe is special. However, it does not rule out the possibility that
there is a deeper level to our understanding of the Universe which makes
our Universe the most probable universe from the plethora of all
possible universes. This still may be true but is not required
philosophically or scientifically.